Volvo 240
The Volvo 240 is more than just a car; it is a masterpiece born from Swedish engineering, safety, and durability. Introduced in 1974 and produced until 1993, the 240 model made a global impact, leaving a lasting mark on automotive history. With over 2,800,000 units manufactured, it became one of the most iconic vehicles in Volvo’s history.
Development and Launch
In 1974, when Volvo introduced the 240, the goal was to replace the popular 140 series. Volvo aimed to create a car that exceeded all expectations regarding safety and durability. The model debuted with an updated design and modernized technology, meeting stricter safety standards in both Europe and the United States.
The Evolution of the Volvo 240
Over its 19-year production span, Volvo continuously improved the 240 to adapt to evolving customer needs and rapid technological advancements. At launch, the model was available in three variants: the 242 (two-door), 244 (four-door), and 245 (station wagon). Regular updates were introduced, including fuel-injected engines and enhanced safety systems. The station wagon variant gained significant market appreciation, particularly among families, due to its spacious cargo capacity and practical interior.
Volvo 240 – Technical Specifications and Design
The Volvo 240 became globally recognized for its distinctive boxy design, which offered more than just aesthetics—it provided functional advantages. The design allowed for improved visibility and easier repairs. The interior featured a simplified dashboard focused on functionality, ergonomic seating, and an overall sense of high quality that remains evident to this day.
Engines and Performance in the Volvo 240
At launch, Volvo offered a broad range of engines for the 240 model, including the reliable B21 engine and more powerful turbocharged versions.
- B21A: 97 hp, designed for standard use.
- B21ET: 155 hp, introduced in the turbo version for enhanced performance.
Fuel consumption averaged around 10 liters per 100 km, meaning the Volvo 240 was not the most fuel-efficient car on the market. However, its reliability made it a popular choice for long-distance commuters and families alike.
The Lambda Sensor – A Groundbreaking Innovation
In 1976, the Volvo 240 became the world’s first car equipped with a Lambda sensor—an oxygen sensor that revolutionized the automotive industry by reducing emissions by up to 90%. This innovation positioned Volvo as a pioneer in environmental technology, paving the way for modern catalytic converter systems.
Enhanced Suspension Systems
The model also introduced MacPherson strut suspension in the front, improving handling and creating additional space in the engine bay. This design quickly became an industry standard, contributing to a smoother and more stable driving experience.
Safety Features
Nils Bohlin and the Three-Point Seatbelt
The Volvo 240 was equipped with the three-point seatbelt developed by Nils Bohlin, which became standard for all seating positions. Originally introduced by Volvo in the 1950s, the three-point seatbelt drastically reduced fatalities and injuries in collisions. Today, it remains an industry-standard safety feature. In recognition of his contributions, Nils Bohlin was awarded the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences' Gold Medal in 1995. In addition to his work on seatbelts, Bohlin was also involved in developing ejection seats, but he is best known as the inventor of the three-point seatbelt.
Structural Reinforcements for Crash Safety
The model was built with reinforced door beams and a crumple zone in the front to absorb collision forces, establishing the Volvo 240 as one of the safest cars of its time.
The Legacy and Impact of the Volvo 240
The Model’s Influence on the Automotive Industry
The Volvo 240 set new safety standards, compelling competitors to advance their own safety technologies. The car was considered so safe that it was used as a benchmark vehicle by the U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) in crash tests during the 1970s.
Modern-Day Relevance and Popularity
Today, the Volvo 240 remains a beloved classic among car enthusiasts and collectors. Its timeless design and exceptional reliability continue to make it highly sought after, with well-preserved examples commanding high prices on the second-hand market.